Roadmaps Security roadmaps Application, engineering and product security

DevSecOps and CI/CD Security

Build security into the delivery pipeline: scan code and dependencies automatically, lock down CI/CD and repositories, secure infrastructure as code, and ship fixes fast.

Estimated time: 15–26 months · At about 10 hours a week.

Learning path

Click a topic to see what to learn and where. Mark topics as you go; your progress is saved in this browser only.

  • Core topic
  • Optional
  1. Beginner · 2–3 months Pipeline and security basics
  2. Intermediate · 3–5 months Securing the pipeline and infrastructure
  3. Advanced · 4–6 months Policy as code and scale
  4. Expert · 6–12 months Platform security leadership

All topics in detail

BeginnerTime: 2–3 months

Pipeline and security basics

Skills

  • Build a pipeline and understand its moving parts.
  • Add SAST, dependency and secrets scanning to a pipeline.
  • Tune scanners so developers act on their results.

Hands-on projects and labs

  • Add Semgrep, Dependency-Check and Gitleaks to a pipeline for a sample app and tune out the noise.
  • Set up a pre-commit hook and push protection to block secrets.

Done when you can…

  • Run a pipeline that scans code, dependencies and secrets on every change.
  • Explain which findings should fail a build and why.

Beginner

Security in the software lifecycle

Learn where security fits at each stage, from requirements to operations, and why shifting checks earlier is cheaper. DevSecOps is the SDLC made continuous.

Resources

Beginner

How CI/CD pipelines work

Understand runners, jobs, triggers, artefacts and deployments in a system such as GitHub Actions or GitLab CI. You cannot secure what you cannot build.

Resources

Beginner

Static analysis in the pipeline

Run SAST on every change, tune the rules to cut noise, and fail the build only on what matters. Developers ignore tools that cry wolf.

Resources

Beginner

Dependency scanning

Most code in an application is someone else's. Scan dependencies for known vulnerabilities and keep them updated automatically.

Resources

Beginner

Secrets scanning

Credentials in repositories are a leading cause of breaches. Scan commits and history, block pushes with secrets, and rotate anything found.

Resources

Beginner

Giving developers useful feedback

Findings should land in the pull request, with a clear fix, at the moment the developer can act. Good feedback loops are what make DevSecOps work.

Resources

IntermediateTime: 3–5 months

Securing the pipeline and infrastructure

Skills

  • Harden repositories, runners and pipeline permissions.
  • Scan infrastructure as code and container images.
  • Replace static pipeline secrets with short-lived identity.
  • Recognise and prevent pipeline attack paths.

Hands-on projects and labs

  • Harden a GitHub or GitLab repository and pipeline against the OWASP CI/CD top 10.
  • Add Checkov and Trivy and fix the misconfigurations and vulnerabilities they find.
  • Deploy to a cloud account from a pipeline using OIDC with no stored credentials.

Done when you can…

  • Demonstrate a pipeline with hardened runners, scoped tokens and no static secrets.
  • Show infrastructure and containers being scanned and gated before deployment.

Intermediate

Threats to the pipeline

Poisoned pipelines, malicious pull requests, stolen runner credentials and compromised actions can turn CI into an attack path. Learn the top risks.

Resources

Intermediate

Repository security

Branch protection, required reviews, signed commits and tight permissions protect the source of truth. Treat the repository as production.

Resources

Intermediate

Runner and build hardening

Use ephemeral, isolated runners, least-privilege tokens and pinned actions. Long-lived shared runners with broad credentials are a gift to attackers.

Resources

Intermediate

Infrastructure as code security

Scan Terraform, CloudFormation and Kubernetes manifests for misconfigurations before they are applied. Fixing a template fixes every deployment.

Resources

Intermediate

Container image scanning

Scan base images and built images for vulnerabilities, sign them, and only deploy what passed. Keep base images small and current.

Resources

  • Trivy ToolFreeAqua Security

Intermediate

Secrets in the pipeline

Pipelines need credentials to deploy. Use short-lived, identity-based access such as OIDC instead of static secrets, and scope every token tightly.

Resources

AdvancedTime: 4–6 months

Policy as code and scale

Skills

  • Enforce policy as code across pipelines and clusters.
  • Secure GitOps deployments.
  • Produce and verify build provenance.
  • Run finding management across many teams.

Hands-on projects and labs

  • Write OPA policies that block risky deployments and test them in a pipeline.
  • Produce SLSA provenance for a build and verify it before deployment.
  • Set up DefectDojo to aggregate findings from several scanners.

Done when you can…

  • Run a pipeline platform with policy enforcement and signed, verified artefacts.
  • Show a finding workflow that gets issues fixed across teams.

Advanced

Policy as code

Express security rules as code with tools such as OPA, so they are versioned, tested and enforced automatically across pipelines and clusters.

Resources

Advanced

GitOps security

When Git drives deployments, Git access is production access. Secure the reconciliation loop, signing and who can change what in which environment.

Resources

Advanced

Dynamic testing in the pipeline

Run dynamic and API tests against a deployed preview so you catch what static analysis cannot. Keep it fast enough to run regularly.

Resources

Advanced

Build provenance and signing

Generate attestations about how artefacts were built and sign them, so deployers can verify origin. This connects DevSecOps with supply chain security.

Resources

  • SLSA DocsFreeOpenSSF

Advanced

Managing findings at scale

Thousands of findings across hundreds of repos need deduplication, ownership, prioritisation and SLAs. Build the workflow, not just the scanners.

Resources

Advanced

Developer enablement

Paved roads, secure templates and security champions get more done than gates. Make the secure way the easy way.

Resources

ExpertTime: 6–12 months

Platform security leadership

Skills

  • Set DevSecOps strategy and measure it.
  • Build a security champions programme.

Hands-on projects and labs

  • Write a DevSecOps strategy and a maturity assessment using SAMM.
  • Design metrics that show security improving without slowing delivery.

Done when you can…

  • Lead a DevSecOps programme with measurable outcomes.
  • Run a security champions network across engineering.

Expert

DevSecOps strategy

Decide what to enforce, what to advise, and how to measure it. Balance risk reduction with developer speed, and fund the platform that makes it work.

Resources

Expert

Culture and champions

Lasting DevSecOps is cultural: shared ownership, security champions in every team, and blameless learning from incidents.

Resources

Overview

DevSecOps puts security checks into the same pipeline that builds and ships software, so problems are caught early and fixed by the people who wrote the code. It replaces the end-of-project security review with continuous, automated feedback.

The field covers scanning code, dependencies, containers and infrastructure definitions; securing the pipeline itself, which is a prime target; managing secrets; and enforcing policy as code. It needs both security knowledge and comfort with build and deployment tooling.

Why it matters

The pipeline is where software, credentials and production access meet, which makes it both the best place to catch flaws and a high-value target. Teams need engineers who can make security automatic without slowing delivery.

Typical job roles

  • Mid-levelDevSecOps engineer Builds and runs security tooling in pipelines.
  • Mid-levelPlatform security engineer Secures CI/CD, repositories and build infrastructure.
  • SeniorSecurity automation lead Designs the security controls across delivery.
  • LeadHead of platform security Owns pipeline and platform security strategy.

Prerequisites

  • Git, CI/CD and container basics.
  • Some scripting and infrastructure as code.
  • Application security fundamentals.
  • Cloud basics.

Cybersecurity fundamentals Cloud and DevOps

Tools and technologies

  • Semgrep Free community edition Fast static analysis with custom rules.
  • Trivy Open source Scan containers, IaC, dependencies and secrets.
  • Checkov Open source Infrastructure as code scanning.
  • Gitleaks Open source Find secrets in repositories.
  • Open Policy Agent Open source Policy as code engine.
  • DefectDojo Open source Aggregate and manage security findings.

Certifications

Take them in roughly this order. Costs and details for the ones marked with a link are on the Certifications page.

  1. Intermediate Certified DevSecOps Professional Practical DevSecOpsHands-on pipeline security course and exam.
  2. CSSLP ISC2Secure software lifecycle, broader than pipelines.
  3. Entry GitHub Actions certification GitHubProves pipeline fundamentals.

Resources

Frameworks and standards

All frameworks and standards

Career path

A common progression. Titles vary between companies.

  1. Developer, DevOps or platform engineer0–3 years
  2. DevSecOps engineer2–5 years
  3. Senior DevSecOps or platform security engineer5–8 years
  4. Head of platform or product security8+ years

Related domains to move into

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